Debian/Ubuntu常用命令记录

Debian常用命令记录

本篇主要记录安装树莓派和云服务器软件的过程
Ubuntu 是基于 Debian 开发的发行版, 大部分命令都通用

开启root账号ssh

sudo passwd --unlock root                                                         # 解除禁用root账户
sudo sed -i "s/^#PermitRootLogin.*/PermitRootLogin yes/g" /etc/ssh/sshd_config    # 设置ssh允许root账户登陆
sudo systemctl restart ssh                                                        # 重启ssh

ssh警告 (防止中间人攻击)
ssh-keygen -R yangrucheng.top 清除ssh指纹

更换源及升级包

更改软件源

树莓派默认使用国外镜像源, 可修改为国内镜像源. 效果不如使用代理

vi /etc/apt/sources.list  # 修改软件源

# 树莓派arm64
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye main contrib non-free
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib non-free
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-backports main contrib non-free
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-backports main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib non-free
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib non-free

更新树莓派系统源

使用代理比修改源更安全且快速

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list.d/raspi.list  # 修改系统源

# arm64
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/raspberrypi/ bullseye main

升级包

sudo apt update      # 更新软件清单
sudo apt upgrade     # 更新所有软件

更改语言

sudo apt install ttf-wqy-zenhei   # 安装中文字库
sudo fc-cache                         # 安装中文字体
sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales         # 设置语言

网络配置

使用nmtui工具配置WIFI

apt install network-manager

安装Docker及常用镜像

sudo curl -sSL https://get.docker.com | sh   # 脚本安装
sudo nano /etc/docker/daemon.json            # 修改镜像源

{
  "registry-mirrors": ["http://hub-mirror.c.163.com"],
  "data-root": "/home/.data/var/lib/docker",
  "dns": ["114.114.114.114", "8.8.8.8"]
}

进入容器内部
docker exec -it 容器ID bash
退出容器
exit

安装Docker图形管理界面

docker run -d -p 9000:9000 --name=Portainer --restart=always -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock -v /home/Docker/Portainer:/data outlovecn/portainer-cn:latest

安装AdGuardHome

docker run -d -p 53:53/tcp -p 53:53/udp -p 8000:3000/tcp --name AdGuardHome -v /home/Docker/AdGuardHome/Config:/opt/adguardhome/conf -v /home/Docker/AdGuardHome/WorkData:/opt/adguardhome/work --restart=always adguard/adguardhome

注意: 不要开启 浏览安全网页服务 功能, 否则将会导致DNS解析异常

AList

docker run -d --restart=always -v /home/Docker/AList/data:/opt/alist/data -v /home/Docker/AList/file:/file-data -p 5244:5244 -p 6800:6800  --name AList xhofe/alist-aria2:latest

docker run -d --name AriaNg --log-opt max-size=1m --restart unless-stopped -p 6880:6880 p3terx/ariang

青龙面板

docker run -dit \
-v /home/Docker/ql/config:/ql/config \
-v /home/Docker/ql/log:/ql/log \
-v /home/Docker/ql/db:/ql/db \
-v /home/Docker/ql/scripts:/ql/scripts \
-v /home/Docker/ql/jbot:/ql/jbot \
-v /home/Docker/ql/repo:/ql/repo \
-p 7000:5700 \
-e ENABLE_HANGUP=true \
-e ENABLE_WEB_PANEL=true \
--name Qinglong \
--hostname qinglong \
--restart always \
whyour/qinglong:latest

MariaDB

docker run --restart=always -d --name MariaDB --env MARIADB_ROOT_PASSWORD=YourPassword! -v /home/Docker/MariaDB:/var/lib/mysql -p 3306:3306  mariadb:latest

MongoDB

在香橙派上必须使用4.4.18版本, 不支持5.0+版本

docker run -itd --name  MongoDB -e MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME=root -e MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD=YourPassword! -v /home/Docker/MongoDB:/data/db -p 27017:27017 mongo:4.4.18

HomeAssistant

docker run -d --name HomeAssistant -v /home/Docker/HomeAssistant/config:/config -p 8500:8123 homeassistant/home-assistant

QBittorrent

docker run -d \
  --name=QBittorrent \
  -e PUID=0 \
  -e PGID=0 \
  -e TZ=Asia/Shanghai \
  -e WEBUI_PORT=7500 \
  -p 7500:7500 \
  -p 6881:6881 \
  -v /home/Docker/QBittorrent/config:/config \
  -v /share/Public:/file-data \
  --restart unless-stopped \
  linuxserver/qbittorrent

Flarum

version: "3"

services:
  flarum:
    image: mondedie/flarum
    container_name: Flarum
    env_file:
      - /home/Docker/Forum/flarum.env
    volumes:
      - /home/Docker/Forum/assets:/flarum/app/public/assets
      - /home/Docker/Forum/extensions:/flarum/app/extensions
      - /home/Docker/Forum/storage/logs:/flarum/app/storage/logs
      - /home/Docker/Forum/nginx:/etc/nginx/flarum
    ports:
      - 8000:8888
    depends_on:
      - mariadb

DEBUG=false
FORUM_URL=https://forum.yangrucheng.top

DB_HOST=mariadb
DB_NAME=论坛
DB_USER=user
DB_PASS=123456789    
DB_PREF=flarum_
DB_PORT=3306

FLARUM_ADMIN_USER=admin
FLARUM_ADMIN_PASS=YourPassword!
[email protected]
FLARUM_TITLE=Forum By YangRucheng

docker run --name Flarum -p 8000:8888 

mondedie/flarum

OpenSSH-Server

docker run -d \
  --name=OpenSSH-Server \
  --hostname=Server \
  -e TZ=Aisa/Shanghai \
  -e PASSWORD_ACCESS=true \
  -e USER_PASSWORD=730 \
  -e USER_NAME=user \
  -p 2222:2222 \
  --restart unless-stopped \
  lscr.io/linuxserver/openssh-server:latest

安装Zerotier

依赖Linux内核的tun模块, 可以考虑改用Cloudflare免费的内网穿透

curl -s https://install.zerotier.com | sudo bash   # 安装
sudo zerotier-cli join 632ea29085dbe40e            # 加入网络
sudo killall -9 zerotier-one                       # 重启

安装ShellClash

官方文档